Extension Cord Safety

Playing with fire

Although they remain a simple, safe, and effective way to power appliances as disparate as a washing machine and a curling iron, extension cords do pose certain risks if used in an inappropriate manner. The image of several lengths of overloaded cords twined together, crackling with dangerous sparks has ingrained itself in the mind of anyone who has ever plugged in a socket. Take a minute to familiarize yourself with a few simple guidelines about getting power where you need it, without risking health or home.

Three simple rules

Decide whether you need an indoor or outdoor cord

Choosing the correct size and design will eliminate any unnecessary risk. Indoor cords are shorter and more flexible, while outdoor cords tend to be thicker, longer, and more durable. Although they connect to the same outlets, each performs in the safest manner when appropriately matched to existing conditions. Extension cords that can be used outdoors will be clearly marked "Suitable for Use with Outdoor Appliances." Never use an indoor extension cord outdoors; it could result in an electric shock or fire hazard.

Calculate the total wattage of the appliance you’ll be running

Make sure you have a cord that can handle the level of intensity you require. A small fan and an electric lawnmower would benefit from different grades of extension cord. The label of the cord contains valuable information as to the use, size and wattage rating of the cord. The size (or gauge) of the cord, displayed prominently on the label, will determine its best use. The American Wire Gauge (AWG) System assigns this critical measurement – the larger the wire, the smaller the AWG number.

If you are going to use the extension cord with two or more appliances, you must add together the wattage rating for all appliances used on the same cord.

Estimate the distance between the appliance and the outlet

Generally, less is more as far as extension cords go. Use the shortest length of cord possible to prevent injuries cause by tripping or falling. Less cord also means a better flow of energy with reduced waste and greater efficiency. As the cord gets longer, the current carrying capacity of the cord gets lower. For example, a 16-gauge extension cord less than 50 feet in length can power a 1625 watt (W) appliance. A 16-gauge cord that is longer than 50 feet in length can only power an appliance up to 1250W.

As with all appliances, be sure to read any instructions provided by the manufacturer before you fire it up.

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